Class 6 ncert Chapter 2 Social Science Solution - Oceans and Continents

Chapter 02: Oceans and Continents

Question: What are oceans?

Answer: Oceans: Large water bodies of the Earth that are filled with salty water. There are five major oceans –
  • Pacific Ocean – the largest ocean
  • Atlantic Ocean – the second largest ocean
  • Indian Ocean – the ocean adjoining India
  • Southern Ocean – near the Antarctic continent
  • Arctic Ocean – the smallest ocean

Question: What are continents?

Answer: Continents: Large landmasses of the Earth that are surrounded by water. Generally, there are 7 continents – Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.

Question: What is an island?

Answer: A small part of land that is surrounded by water on all sides is called an island. For example – Greenland, Andaman and Nicobar, etc.

Question: How is the distribution of land and water on Earth?

Answer: About three-fourths of the Earth's surface is covered with water (mainly oceans) and one-fourth is covered with land. There is more land in the Northern Hemisphere, while there is more water in the Southern Hemisphere.

Question: What is the importance of oceans in human life?

Answer: Importance of oceans in human life –
  • Oceans influence rainfall, monsoon, and temperature.
  • Oceans are the lungs of the Earth — they produce 50% of the Earth's oxygen.
  • They are important for fishing, trade, and tourism.

Question: What is a tsunami and how is it formed?

Answer: A tsunami is a huge sea wave that is generated due to an earthquake or volcanic eruption under the sea. Example: The tsunami on 26 December 2004 affected Andaman and Nicobar, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, etc.

Question: What are the causes of water scarcity?

Answer: Ocean water is salty and is not considered suitable for drinking. Drinkable (fresh) water is available in very limited quantity – it is found in glaciers, lakes, rivers, groundwater, etc. Therefore, water conservation is extremely necessary.

Question: What are the major island groups of India?

Answer:
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands (in the Bay of Bengal)
  • Lakshadweep Islands (in the Arabian Sea)

Question: What are the main causes of ocean pollution?

Answer:
  • Dumping plastic and other waste into the sea.
  • Overfishing
  • Oil spills

Question: When is World Oceans Day celebrated?

Answer: 8 June.

Question: What is a cyclone?

Answer: A powerful storm originating from the ocean is called a cyclone.

Question: What are the measures for water conservation?

Answer: Measures for water conservation are as follows –
  • Collecting rainwater
  • Preventing wastage of water
  • Cleaning rivers and lakes
  • Spreading awareness among people to save water

Puzzle:

  1. The largest water body on Earth – Ocean
  2. A very large landmass – Continent
  3. A landmass that is not a continent and is surrounded by sea or ocean on all sides – Island
  4. Main source of pollution in oceans – Plastic
  5. The coldest continent – Antarctica
  6. The smallest continent – Australia
  7. A very large destructive wave formed in oceans – Tsunami
  8. The largest island on Earth – Greenland
  9. Produced in large quantity by oceans – Oxygen
  10. A large continent of which India is a part – Asia

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